What compression actually changes
A video file's size is decided by three things: resolution, bitrate and duration. This tool leaves duration alone and works on the other two. Dropping a 4K clip to 1080p removes three quarters of the pixels before a single bit of compression is applied, which is why resolution changes save far more than bitrate tweaks alone.
The encoder then re-examines each frame and stores only what changed since the last one. Static shots — a person talking against a wall — compress enormously. Handheld footage, confetti, rain or fast panning give the encoder nothing to reuse, so those clips shrink much less at the same settings.